Introduction
The Internet is a vast global network that connects millions
of computers and devices, enabling people to share information, communicate,
and access various services. It facilitates activities such as obtaining
information, communication, online gaming, watching movies, and conducting
business. Understanding how the Internet operates and how to utilize it
effectively is crucial for efficient and secure usage.
What is Internet?
The internet is a vast network that connects computers all
over the world. Through the internet, people can share information and
communicate from anywhere with an Internet connection.
Web Server: Is a special computer built up with
selected high-quality components, which can endure incessant work and high load
and is connected to the Internet “24x7” so that each Internet user
around the world can access your website at all times.
Webpage: Single page which contain some information.
Website: Website are the collection of webpages and URL.
URL: Uniform resource locator.
Http: It control the data transfer between server and
client.
Search Engine: Software program that helps people to find information online using keywords or phrase.
History of Internet
- Introduced by us defense department in 1969.
- ARPANET (Advanced research project Agency network).
- Original ARPANET was shut down in 1990.
Advantage of Internet
1. Easy communication with people.
2. Publishing documents on the internet to save paper.
3. Greater access to information.
4. Easy to connect anyone on the internet.
5. Entertainment.
Disadvantage of Internet
1. Addiction, time waste and causes distraction.
2. Spam and advertising.
3. Pornography and violent images.
4. Hacking, viruses, cheating.
5. Buying things that you don’t need.
6. Not safe for children.
7. Cyber frauds.
Uses of Internet
1. Access to information.
2. International communication.
3. Research.
4. Education.
5. Entertainment.
How Does The Internet Work?
- The Internet provides numerous services that are different from each other to the clients. These services can be information, resources, and services.
- After searching a piece of certain information from the internet, there is a back-end process that occurs. This process goes through steps by checking your search items from the internet.
Domain Name System/Service (DNS)
Domain naming system/service is a service that provides naming resolution; it converts names to IP address and IP address to names.
Types of Domain Name System
1. An authoritative DNS
- It will either return the requested IP address.
- Or Return an authoritative “NO”.
2. Non-authoritative DNS
- It will either check is cache.
- Use forwarders (a type of server).
- Use Root hints.
What happens after you Write YouTube.com on the Search Bar of Google?
Step Two: Again, the request will be sent to the “Non-Authoritative DNS Server”. It will check its cache memory and if the information (youtube.com) is found it will provide the IP address of the YouTube or else if the information is not founded, the Non-authoritative will forward the request to another server called “forwarders” (server).
Step Three: The forwarder server will forward the
request to the Internet. The Internet has a Root Server (.), the
root server (.) will forward the request to the respective domain (.com). The .com
is a top-level domain and it will forward the request to the second level
domain server (google.com).
Step Four: Again, the request will be forwarded to
the sub-level domain (youtube.com).
Step Five: After youtube.com (sub-level domain) receives the request from google.com (second-level domain) it will send its IP address to the forwarder server, and the forwarder server will forward the IP address to the Non-authoritative DNS Server at this point the Non-Authoritative will forward the IP address client system so that it can access youtube.com.
What happens if the query is not founded on the Internet?
The request will be forwarded to the root hints sever. Root hints are a list of the DNS servers on the internet that your DNS Servers can use to resolve queries for names that it does not know. When a DNS Server cannot resolve a name query by using its local data, it uses its root hints to send the query to a DNS server, these servers the main servers that stores all the information present on the internet.
The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is like a global filing system that runs
on the internet. Each entry in this filing system is a website which can
consist of many webpages. Each webpage brings code, text, and multimedia files together.
Hyperlinks are special interconnection between webpages that help users
navigate through the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web (WWW) officially became
operational in 1991, created by Tim Berners-Lee while working at CERN.
The Internet is a globally connected network of networks,
comprising computers, servers, routers, and fiber-optic cables forming the
essential technical infrastructure that keeps the Internet operational. At its
core, it relies on communication protocols such as TCP/IP the foundational
suite governing how data is packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed, and
reassembled alongside various other protocols like SMTP, FTP, and more, which
dictate how different types of information are exchanged. The Internet supports
a wide array of services beyond just the World Wide Web (WWW). These include
email, media streaming, online gaming, Voice over IP (VoIP) phone calls, and
cloud storage, among others.
Conclusion: The Internet stands as a transformative
force, reshaping how we live, work, and communicate. When utilized responsibly,
it serves as a powerful tool for personal growth, knowledge acquisition, and
global connectivity. However, it's crucial to understand its workings and
potential risks. By being informed and cautious, we can harness the Internet's
vast resources to enhance our lives while safeguarding our privacy and
well-being. Embracing the Internet with awareness and responsibility ensures
that it remains a beneficial asset in our digital age.
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